Tsela ya go Seta Email Server ya Boswa mo VPS

Go tsamaisa email server ya gago go go fa taolo e e feletseng mo ditsamaisong tsa gago, go tiisa boswa le go fologa go ikamela ba ba abang ba ba tlhano. Le fa go tlhoka kitso e e boteng, go seta email server ya boswa mo VPS ya gago go kgonwa ka botlalo. Tlhahiso eno e akaretsa go seta Postfix (SMTP) le Dovecot (IMAP/POP3) bakeng sa tharabololo e e feletseng ya email.

Ke Eng Se Lebelelang go Ipusa Email Server ya Gago?

• Boswa jwa botlalo: Di-email tsa gago di bolokwa mo servering ya gago, ga di sekasekiwe ke ba ba tlhano
• Ga go na go tsena ga data: Fologa tsa go reka ka go tsepamela mo diteng tsa email
• Di-domain tse di ikgethileng: Dirisa domain ya gago bakeng sa di-address tsa email tsa porofeshenale
• Di-account tse di se nang tekanyo: Dira di-address tse di lekaneng tsa email jaaka o tlhoka
• Taolo e e feletseng: Seta di-filter tsa spam, melao ya tshireletso, le melelo ya cloud storage
• Tlhwatlhwa e e nonofileng: Server e le nngwe e ka laola di-account tse dintsi tsa email

Dinyeletso Tsa Pele

• VPS e e nang le RAM e e ka nna 2GB le cloud storage ya 20GB
• Leina la domain le le nang le pono ya DNS
• Aterese ya IP e e sa fetogeng (go khothalediwa)
• Ubuntu 20.04 kgotsa Debian 11+
• Pono ya root kgotsa sudo

Go Seta DNS

Pele ga go tsenya software ya email, seta direkoto tsa DNS:

• Rekoto ya A: mail.yourdomain.com → IP ya server ya gago
• Rekoto ya MX: yourdomain.com → mail.yourdomain.com (seemo sa 10)
• Rekoto ya SPF: TXT "v=spf1 mx a:mail.yourdomain.com ~all"
• Rekoto ya DKIM: E dirwa morago ga go tsenya
• Rekoto ya DMARC: TXT "v=DMARC1; p=none; rua=mailto:admin@yourdomain.com"

Go Tsenya le go Seta Postfix

apt update
apt install -y postfix postfix-mysql dovecot-core dovecot-imapd dovecot-pop3d dovecot-lmtpd dovecot-mysql

# Ka nako ya go tsenya, kgetha 'Internet Site' mme o tsenye leina la domain ya gago
# Seta dintlha tsa motheo tsa Postfix:
nano /etc/postfix/main.cf

# Dintlha tsa motheo:
myhostname = mail.yourdomain.com
mydomain = yourdomain.com
myorigin = $mydomain
mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, $mydomain
inet_interfaces = all

Go Seta Dovecot

nano /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf

# Seta lefelo la email:
mail_location = maildir:/var/mail/vhosts/%d/%n

nano /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-auth.conf

# Nolofatsa go netefatsa:
disable_plaintext_auth = no
auth_mechanisms = plain login

systemctl restart dovecot
systemctl restart postfix

Go Seta Webmail (Go Ikgethelwa)

Tsenya Roundcube bakeng sa pono ya email e e tsepameng mo web:

apt install -y roundcube roundcube-mysql roundcube-plugins
# Seta Roundcube ka nako ya go tsenya
# Fihlela webmail kwa: https://yourdomain.com/webmail

Go Seta Tshireletso

• Nolofatsa go ntsha sephiri ga SSL/TLS bakeng sa SMTP (port 587) le IMAP (port 993)
• Seta firewall go letlelela fela di-port tse di tlhokegang (25, 587, 993, 995)
• Seta fail2ban go thibela diteko tsa go dirisa maatla
• Dirisa di-password tse di nonofileng mme o akanye go netefatsa ka mekgwa e mebedi
• Ntsha sephiri software tsotlhe ya email server ka nako le nako
• Lokela di-log bakeng sa tiro e e tshosang
• Seta direkoto tsa SPF, DKIM, le DMARC ka tsela e e siameng

Ditshwetso Tsa Botlhokwa

• Di-IP tsa email server di ka nna di thibelwa - lokela seemo sa IP ya gago
• Simolola ka seto se se nnye mme o oketse ka tsela e e ntsi
• Boloka di-backup tsa data ya email le dintlha tsa go seta
• Leka go ntsha email go ba ba abang ba ba botlhokwa (Gmail, Outlook, jj.)
• Akanya go dirisa tirelo ya relay bakeng sa go ntsha go botoka
• Lokela lefelo la disk - di-email di ka dirisa cloud storage e e botlhokwa